بحث حول مصطفى لطفي المنفلوطي بالانجليزية

Mustafa Lutfi al-ManfalutiMustafa Lutfi al-Manfaluti (born 30 December 1876 in Manfalut - died July 25, 1924 in Cairo) is a novelist, essayist and Egyptian. He became famous by translating and adapting several famous Western plays, with a style using the great potential of the Arabic language.Al-Manfaluti the peak of his career1 Biography 1.1 1.2 Literary Style Works 2 References 3 See also 3.1 Related articles 3.2 External LinksBiographyMustafa Lutfi was born December 30, 1876 at Manfalut in the governorate of Assiut in Upper Egypt. His family (of Arab origin by his father and by his Turkish mother) claimed descendant of Hussein bin Ali, the grand-son of Mohammed. Mustafa Lutfi received a strict religious education at the Koranic school Jala ad-Din al-Assiouti, a prominent Egyptian sheikh, continuing the family tradition. He then studied at Al-Azhar in Cairo where he attended the Sheikh Mohammed Abdou and was very influenced by his progressive and reformist ideas. It was at that time that his literary talent emerges. He began writing poetry at the age of sixteen and became interested in Arabic literature, by studying ancient authors such as Ibn al-Muqaffa, Al-Jahiz, Al-Mutanabbi or Abu-l-Ala al-Maari. But his poems critical to the Khedive Abbas II of Egypt and the British colonization led to his being jailed six months, while he was still studying.After completing his studies, he worked as secretary of the Legislative Assembly from 1913 to 1921, then devoted himself entirely to writing. Shortly before his death, he met the Egyptian nationalist leader Saad Zaghloul and adhered to his political ideas. Lutfi Mustafa died July 25, 1924 in Cairo, after a long fight against the disease.literary styleAs an essayist, al-Manfaluti seeks to denounce social inequalities and injustice against women. However, his social criticism draws its strength from the precepts of Islam, he said he wanted to get rid of traditions, in contrast to Western thinkers.This denunciatory and reformist vocation is reflected in his stories, which often conclude with a moral or a cautionary comment.But the work of al-Manfaluti stands out for its style, which is a modern narrative prose, free of the old rules of rhetoric unfit to express new ideas. Writing al-Manfaluti wants easy and no frills. His critics, however, accused him redundant synonyms, and the care taken in most precise sense that style. What his supporters respond by highlighting the ornate appearance and prestige of his rhymed prose.It is in this unique style that al-Manfaluti undertook to translate, or rather transposed in the form of novels, Under the lime trees Alphonse Karr, for the crown of Francois Coppe, Cyrano de Bergerac by Edmond Rostand, Paul and Virginie Bernardin de Saint-Pierre. Already Âbarate contained adaptations of La Dame aux Camelias by Alexandre Dumas son and Chateaubriand, Atala and The Last Abencerage. Not free of contradiction, missing pages or chapters, these translations have helped to increase Egypt's ideas and the taste of French romantic literature. If the style developed by Manfaluti seems outdated today, the fact remains that it has allowed the introduction in Arabic literature genres hitherto strangers, the new and the novel.Works -Mukhtarate al-Manfaluti (1912) مختارات المنفلوطي (literally: The [works] Chosen al-Manfaluti) is a diverse collection of articles published in the weekly Al Mu'ayyad. An-Nadharate النظرات (literally: The Glance), in three volumes (1910, 1912 and 1921), is a collection of essays published in 1908 in Cairo weekly Al Mu'ayyad. Al-Âbarate العبرات (literally: Tears), collection of short stories of manners describing popular life through characters at the bit searched psychology, in a romantic sentimentality context where the point of Egyptian humor, discreet and disillusioned. Al-Fadila الفضيلة (literally Virtue) As-Shair الشاعر (literally: The Poet), translated from the French of a novel by Edmond Rostand. Majdouline ماجدولين translated a French novel (Under the lime trees) from Alphonse Karr. Fi Sabili Has Taj في سبيل التاج (literally: For the Crown), translated from the French by a play of Francois Coppe